Creating and Using Android Fragments dynamically

Android fragments are the main component in android development, it’s added fragment component in Android 3.0 (API level 11), primarily to support more dynamic and flexible. Fragments are a usable portion of the user interface in an activity. In Activity, we can use multiple fragments. Fragments have their own life cycle, but its directly affected by the Activity life cycle. One Fragment can use in Multiple Activities.

Creating and Using Fragments in Android :

In this example, we are using 2 Fragments in Activity and changing it on Click button.

1. Create a new Android project (How to create an android project in Android studio).

2. Add following Strings in app>res>values> strings.xml, Always recommend to use the standard way of development. It will be easy to change in the future.

<resources>
    <string name="app_name">Fragment</string>
    <string name="frgone">Fragment One</string>
    <string name="frgtwo">Fragment Two</string>
</resources>

3. Add following Strings in app>res>values>colors.xml

Added new colors bluegray, teal and white.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
    <color name="colorPrimary">#3F51B5</color>
    <color name="colorPrimaryDark">#303F9F</color>
    <color name="colorAccent">#FF4081</color>
    <color name="bluegray">#607d8b</color>
    <color name="teal">#009688</color>
    <color name="white">#ffffff</color>
</resources>

4.  Create new fragment layout app>res>layout>”fragment_own.xml”

with <TextView> Widget.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:background="@color/teal"
    android:gravity="center"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textView"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="@string/frgone"
        android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge"
        android:textColor="@color/white" />
</LinearLayout>

5.  Create new fragment layout app>res>layout>”fragment_two.xml”

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:background="@color/bluegray"
    android:gravity="center"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textView2"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="@string/frgtwo"
        android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge"
        android:textColor="@color/white" />
</LinearLayout>

6. Add following line in app>res>layout>activity_main.xml

added <FrameLayout> to show fragment dynamically and 2 button for android fragments transaction.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context="eyehunt.in.fragment.MainActivity">
    <LinearLayout
        android:id="@+id/ll_btn"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:weightSum="2">
        <Button
            android:id="@+id/btn_frg_one"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:text="@string/frgone"/>
        <Button
            android:id="@+id/btn_frg_two"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:text="@string/frgtwo"/>
    </LinearLayout>
    <FrameLayout
        android:id="@+id/fragment_container"
        android:layout_below="@id/ll_btn"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"/>

</RelativeLayout>

7.  Create new Fragment class app>src>java>”FragmentOne.java”

Add following code:

package eyehunt.in.fragment;

import android.app.Fragment;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;

public class FragmentOne extends Fragment {

    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
                             Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        View view=inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_one,container,false);
        return view;
    }
}

8.  Create new Fragment class app>src>java>”FragmentTwo.java”

Add following code:

package eyehunt.in.fragment;

import android.app.Fragment;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;

public class FragmentTwo extends Fragment {
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        View view=inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_two,container,false);
        return view;
    }
}

9. Final add following code in app>java>MainActivity.java

package eyehunt.in.fragment;

import android.app.FragmentManager;
import android.app.FragmentTransaction;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    Button btn_frg_one,btn_frg_tow;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        FragmentOne fragmentOne = new FragmentOne();
        FragmentManager fragmentManager = getFragmentManager();
        FragmentTransaction transaction = fragmentManager.beginTransaction();
        transaction.add(R.id.fragment_container, fragmentOne);
        transaction.commit();

        btn_frg_one=(Button)findViewById(R.id.btn_frg_one);
        btn_frg_one.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                FragmentOne fragmentOne = new FragmentOne();
                FragmentManager fragmentManager = getFragmentManager();
                FragmentTransaction transaction = fragmentManager.beginTransaction();
                transaction.replace(R.id.fragment_container, fragmentOne);
                transaction.commit();
            }
        });

        btn_frg_tow=(Button)findViewById(R.id.btn_frg_two);
        btn_frg_tow.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                FragmentTwo fragmentTwo = new FragmentTwo();
                FragmentManager fragmentManager = getFragmentManager();
                FragmentTransaction transaction = fragmentManager.beginTransaction();
                transaction.replace(R.id.fragment_container, fragmentTwo);
                transaction.commit();
            }
        });
    }
}

Android Fragments dynamically Output Screen shot :

Source code of Android Fragments dynamically example:

Development environment

Android Studio : 2.1.3
compileSdkVersion 24
buildToolsVersion “24.0.1”
minSdkVersion 15 (Ice Cream Sandwich)
targetSdkVersion 24 (Nougat)

Bonus: Here is the Android Fragment example – Kotlin [static] in the latest technology stack.